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F60 is the series designation of five overburden conveyor bridges used in brown coal (lignite) opencast mining in the Lusatian coalfields in Germany. They were built by the former Volkseigener Betrieb TAKRAF in Lauchhammer and are the largest movable technical industrial machines in the world. As overburden conveyor bridges, they transport the overburden which lies over the coal seam. The cutting height is 60 m, hence the name F60. With a length of 502 m, it is described as the ''lying Eiffel tower''. In total, the F60 is up to 80 m high and 240 m wide. In operating condition, it weighs 13,600 metric tons. The first conveyor bridge was built from 1969 to 1972, being equipped with a feeder bridge in 1977. The second was built from 1972 to 1974, having been equipped with a feeder bridge during construction. The third conveyor bridge was built from 1976 to 1978, being provided with a feeder bridge in 1985. The fourth and fifth conveyor bridges were built 1986-1988 and 1988-1991 respectively. There are still four F60s in operation in the Lusatian coalfields today: in the brown coal opencast mines in Jänschwalde (Brandenburg, near Jänschwalde Power Station), Welzow-Süd (Brandenburg, near Schwarze Pumpe Power Station), Nochten and Reichwalde (Saxony, both near Boxberg Power Station). The fifth F60, the last one built, is in Lichterfeld-Schacksdorf and is accessible to visitors. ==Technology== The F60 has two bogies (chassis with wheels), one on the dumping side (front) and one on the excavating side (back), which each run on two rails (standard gauge). In addition to the two rails on the excavating side, there are another two rails for the transformer and cable cars. There are a total of 760 wheels on the bogies, of which 380 are powered. The maximum speed of the F60 is 13 m/min (0.78 km/h) and the operating speed is 9 m/min (0.54 km/h). The F60 has two excavators of type ES 3750 on the sides to do preparatory work (see the panoramic photograph from the Jänschwalde mine), one each on the northern and southern crosswise conveyor. They each have an output of 29,000 m³/h (50,000 t), which corresponds to a volume the size of a soccer field with a depth of 7–8 m. There are nine various overburden conveyor belts with a speed of 10 m/s. The F60, including the two excavators, requires 27,000 kW of power. The bridge needs 1.2 kWh of electricity to convey a cubic metre of overburden, from the crosswise conveyors up to the dumping at a height of 75 m. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Overburden Conveyor Bridge F60」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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